A-Very Short Answer Questions: Answer in one -word.
1.Name two natural fibres used to make clothing.
Ans. Cotton, Silk.
2. What type of soil is needed for the cultivation of cotton?
Ans. Black-Clayey soil.
3. What is done during ginning of cotton?
Ans. Separation of cotton seeds.
4. How did people during stone -age cover their body?
Ans. Tree leaves or Animal skin.
5. Why are the clothes made from blended fibres preferred?
Ans. To improve strength.
B-SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: Answer in 10-15 words.
1. What is the texture of the jute fibre? At what stage of the plants, the jute is harder?
Ans. Jute fibre has silky texture. The jute obtained at matured stage of the plants is harder.
2. Name the factors which influence our choice of clothing.
Ans. Our choice of clothing is influenced by the following factors:
a. Climate
b. Culture and tradition
c. Occupation
d. Daily needs
3. Name the plant from which coir is obtained. Write one property and one use of coir.
Ans. The coir is obtained from coconut plant. It is very strong fibre and it is used to make floor -coverings, door -mats, ropes etc.
4. Write two characteristics of cotton plant.
Ans.
1) Cotton is cultivated in black clayey soil.
2) Cotton plants are bushy and 1-2 meters tall.
5. Name the devices used in the process of weaving.
Ans. The devices used in the process of weaving are handlooms and power looms.
C-LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS: Answer in 20-25 words.
1. How are fibers classified? Give two examples of each type.
Ans. Fibres are classified in following two types on the basis of their sources:
(1) Natural fibers -The fibers which are obtained from plants and animals are called natural fibers. Example -cotton, jute, silk, wool etc.
(2) Synthetic fibres -The fibres which are synthesised in industry from simple chemicals obtained from petroleum are called synthetic fibres. Example -Nylon, Polyester, Rayon etc.
2. Describe the cultivation-to-yarn story of cotton by drawing a flowsheet.
3. How is jute fibre extracted from jute plant?
Ans. After the dry leaves have fallen, the bundles of dry plants are kept in a pond for few days. During this period the gummy skin rots out to separate the fibres. This process is called retting. The jute fibre is obtained from the retted jute by hand.
4. Describe the role of the following machine/processes.
Ans. Role of the following machines:
v Power looms -In big industries, the weaving is done on power looms. A power loom is a type of mechanically powered loom driven by electric power.
v Retting -The removal of gummy skin by keeping the jute plants under water and separation of the jute fibres.
v Spinning -The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning.
5. Write the three stages of development of clothing materials.
Ans.
· Stage 1: During this stage, plant fibres such as cotton, flex, nettles and inner bark of trees were used to obtain cloth.
· Stage 2: During this stage, fibres from animals such as wool, silk were used to obtain cloth.
· Stage 3: In the third stage, man -made fibrous materials such as nylon, polyester, rayon etc. were developed and used to make dress materials.
D-TICK THE ODD-ONE OUT GIVING REASON
1. Cotton, Silk, Jute, Coir
Ans. Silk because it is animal fibre and rest others are plant fibres.
2. Jute, Gunny bags, Door mat, Kurta
Ans. Kurta because it is made up of cotton and rest others are uses of jute.
3. Wool, Sheep, Highly porous fibre, Synthetic fibre
Ans. Synthetic fibre because rest others are related to natural fibers.
4. Cotton, Mango, Leaf, Seeds
Ans. Mango because its fibres are not used to make things.
5. Ginning, Retting, Spinning, Sliver
Ans. Retting because it is a process related to jute and rest other processes are related to cotton.
E-DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS
1-Ginning -The process of removing cotton seeds from cotton pods is called ginning.
2-Warp -In the looms, the yarn is placed lengthwise on the frames. These frames are called warp.
3-Retting -The removal of gummy skin by keeping the jute plants under water and separation of the jute fibres.
4-Synthetic fibres -The fibres which are synthesized in industry from simple chemicals obtained from petroleum are called synthetic fibres. Example -Nylon, Rayon, Polyester etc.
HOTS: HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS: Think and Answer
1. Why is jute grown in the delta region of the rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra?
Ans. Jute is grown in the delta region of Ganga and Brahmaputra because jute needs alluvial soil which is renewed by river floods each year. It also needs warm and humid climate and rain about 100 cm. annually. So, all these conditions are present there.
2. Why is jute fibre called the golden fibre?
Ans. Jute is called golden fibre due to its golden colour like appearance. Moreover, it is a cash crop and can bring money.
3. Why are the fabrics made from cotton are more comfortable in summer season?
Ans. The fabrics made from cotton are more comfortable in summer season because cotton is porous in nature so it allows the body heat to escape. It absorbs the sweat and hence body feels cool.
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